Gearing is one of the major contributors to property’s popularity and success as an investment, enabling investors to access the benefits of assets far more valuable than their initial cash outlay.
When it comes to commercial property, however, gearing involves significant additional complexities which deter many investors from leveraging this useful financial tool, says Leon Breytenbach, head of the business growth unit at the Rawson Property Group. He says there are three main factors that tend to hold commercial property investors back from gearing their purchases - time, cost and fear.
“The first is the time and effort involved in securing a loan, a process that can take at least a month in a best-case scenario.”
While financing residential property is so commonplace and streamlined it can be completed within 24 hours, Breytenbach says commercial properties have far more variables to be considered. This makes the application process more complex for the investor and risk assessment more complex for the lender, leading to processing times that can extend to several months.
He advises investors to always apply for financing at the seller’s bank, in addition to a selection of others. They’ll be familiar with the property, eager to hold on to an account with an existing risk profile and keen to gain a new client.
The second major deterrent is the cost compared to residential loans.
“With no legislated cap on things such as raising fees, it can get expensive,” says Breytenbach. “Investors need to prepare for between 1% and 1.5% of their loan amount, plus VAT, in financing costs and interest rates of at least prime plus one, except in extraordinary circumstances.”
He says 100% loans are extremely rare for commercial properties and tend to command exorbitant interest rates when on offer. As a result, investors need access to a sizeable deposit, in addition to cash on hand for other transactional costs.
This large upfront investment, together with the expense of financing and the risk of potential interest rate hikes and/or defaulting tenants, can produce a third most common deterrent to commercial property investment - fear.
“Fear is a real deterrent, particularly for new commercial property investors who aren’t necessarily familiar with all the sector’s variables. While you can’t do much about unexpected interest rate hikes, there are ways to minimise your risk in other areas, like partnering with a good commercial property rental manager to source, screen and manage tenants.”
Getting the correct balance between financing and cash investment is a sound way to mitigate risk. Breytenbach suggests aiming for the “sweet spot” of 55% to 60% financing, which generally enables investors to cover costs - and any unexpected expenses - with a realistic net rental yield of 10%.
“If you have a lower risk appetite, you can weight your investment more heavily on the cash side, giving you more room in your rental income to accommodate interest rate hikes or other unforeseen expenses,” he advises. “Of course, the less you finance, the fewer benefits you will reap as part of a gearing strategy, and those benefits can be significant enough to warrant a riskier posture.
“In commercial property, gearing often enables investors to access more expensive, lower-risk properties or invest in more than one property to spread their risk. That means a theoretically riskier financial posture can produce a more stable and low-risk asset, but you need to do your homework to weigh up those pros and cons.”
Furthermore, there are significant tax benefits to gearing a commercial property, such as writing off the interest on your loan to reduce your overall tax burden.