David Lawder and Valerie Volcovici
The Indonesia Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP), more than a year in the making, “is probably the single largest climate finance transaction or partnership ever”, a US Treasury official said.
The Indonesia JETP is based on last year’s $8.5 billion (R146bn) initiative to help South Africa more quickly decarbonise its power sector that was launched at COP26 in Glasgow by the US, Britain and EU.
To access the programme’s $20bn worth of grants and concessional loans over a three- to five-year period, Indonesia has committed to capping power sector emissions at 290 million tonnes by 2030 – and with a peak that same year. The public and private sectors have pledged about half of the funds each.
Indonesia also has set a goal to reach net-zero emissions in its power sector by 2050, a full decade before its current target set in its national climate plan, and to double the pace of renewable energy deployment so that it accounts for at least 34% of all power generation by 2030.
“We’ve built a platform for co-operation that can truly transform Indonesia’s power sector from coal to renewables and support significant economic growth,” US Special Envoy on Climate Change John Kerry said. ”We’ve wrestled with countless issues to arrive at today’s groundbreaking announcement.“
EARLIER, LOWER PEAK
The Treasury official said the peak power emissions for Indonesia in 2030 under the plan would be at a level 25% lower than their currently estimated peak in 2037. Indonesia’s annual emissions reduction over those years would be larger than Britain’s annual power sector emissions, the official said.
The plan will eliminate 300 million tons of greenhouse gas emissions through 2030 and a reduction of well over 2 billion tonnes through 2060, the partners said in their statement.
“Indonesia is committed to using our energy transition to achieve a green economy and drive sustainable development,” Indonesian President Joko Widodo said.
“This partnership will generate valuable lessons for the global community and can be replicated in other countries to help meet our shared climate goals,” he added.
US, JAPAN LEAD
The US and Japan are co-leading the effort with Indonesia on behalf of the other G7 democracies Britain, Canada, France, Germany Italy, as well as partners Norway, Denmark and the EU.
On Monday, Japan announced it would help Indonesia transition away from coal power through public and private institutions, including the state-affiliated Japan Bank for International Co-operation (JBIC).
Indonesia, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and a private power producer on Monday announced plans to refinance and prematurely retire a 660-megawatt coal-fired power plant in West Java province, the first such deal under the ADB’s groundbreaking new carbon emissions reduction financing programme.
US Treasury and State Department officials said half of the $20bn would come from the private sector, with seven global banks participating including: Bank of America Citigroup Deutsche Bank, HSBC, Standard Chartered, Macquarie and MUFG.
The US officials said public finance would include concessional lending and equity, as well as some grants.
The US will work with Indonesia to map out a 90-day plan to set up a secretariat to run the initiative and for Indonesia to reform its policies, such as streamlining permitting and setting up a competitive procurement process to make the targets achievable.
South Africa this month said the scale of funding it required to phase out its coal was much higher than the funding mobilised through its JETP mechanism.
The State Department official said it had learnt some lessons and had engaged local partners from the outset to “move as fast as possible”.
Reuters